第32章
作者:佚名    更新:2021-12-04 18:45
  WhereverIamIwillbethinkingofyou.
  不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
  19.2方式状语从句
  方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as…so…,asif,asthough引导。
  1)as,(just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:
  Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.
  你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
  Aswateristofish,soairistoman.
  我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
  Justaswesweepourrooms,soweshouldsweepbackwardideasfromourminds.
  正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
  2)asif,asthough
  两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:
  Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif(asthough)theyneverexisted.
  他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
  Helooksasif(asthough)hehadbeenhitbylighting.
  他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
  Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.
  看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。)
  说明:asif/asthough也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如:
  Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforfirsttime.
  他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
  Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.
  他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。
  Thewavesdashedontherocksasifinanger.
  波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。
  19.3原因状语从句
  比较:because,since,as和for
  1) because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或since。
  Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.
  Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.
  2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
  Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.
  Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.
  19.4目的状语从句
  表示目的状语的从句可以由that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,incase等词引导,例如:
  Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
  Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat(lest)heshouldforgetit.
  Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.
  19.5结果状语从句
  结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导,掌握这两个句型,首先要了解so和such与其后的词的搭配规律。
  比较:so和such
  其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,little连用,形成固定搭配。
  sofoolish    suchafool
  soniceaflower  suchaniceflower
  somany/fewflowers suchniceflowers
  somuch/littlemoney.suchrapidprogress
  somanypeople   suchalotofpeople
  (somany已成固定搭配,alotof虽相当于many,但alotof为名词性的,只能用such搭配。)
  so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。
  Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.
  Heissuchayoungboythathecan'tgotoschool
  19.6条件状语从句
  连接词主要有if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat等。.
  if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
  unless=ifnot.
  Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.
  Ifyouarenottootied,let'sgooutforawalk.
  典型例题
  Youwillbelate___youleaveimmediately.
  A.unless B.until C.if D.or
  答案A。句意:除非你立即走,否则你就回迟到的。可转化为Ifyoudongleaveimmediately,youwillbelate. B、D句意不对,or表转折,句子如为Youleaveimmediatelyoryouwillbelate.
  19.7让步状语从句
  though,although
  注意:当有though,although时,后面的从句不能有but,但是though和yet可连用
  Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.
  虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
  Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.
  虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
  Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.
  伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。(谚语)
  典型例题
  1)___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.
  A.When B.However C.Although D.Unless
  答案:C。意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。
  2) as,though引导的倒装句
  as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。
  Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
  =Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
  注意:a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
  b. 句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
  Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.
  =Thoughhetrieshard,heneverseems…
  虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
  3) everif,eventhough. 即使
  We'llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.
  4)whether…or- 不管……都
  Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.
  5) "nomatter+疑问词"或"疑问词+后缀ever"
  Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
  Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
  替换:nomatterwhat=whatever
  nomatterwho=whoever
  nomatterwhen=whenever
  nomatterwhere=wherever
  nomatterwhich=whichever
  nomatterhow=however
  注意:nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。